ISSN 0303-5212
 

Original Research 
RMJ. 2022; 47(2): 282-285


Endoscopic evaluation of patients presenting with dysphagia at tertiary care hospital

Muhammad Fahad Zakir, Shahid Karim, Hamid Ali Kalwar, Rajesh Kumar, Manzoor Hussain, Shahid Majid.

Abstract
Objective: To determine the common endoscopic findings and their frequencies in patients presenting with dysphagia.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study as conducted at Department of Gastroenterology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi from October 2020 to June 2021. It included 315 patients who underwent endoscopy in the department. Patients had age 12 years or more with dysphagia of duration one week or more.
Results: Median age of participants was 53 (IQR=40-65) years. Out of them, 52.1% were male. The most frequent finding was esophageal growth seen in 29.84%, followed by esophageal stricture in 17.46% and gastro-esophageal reflux disease in 7.94%. Frequency of normal examination and achalasia decreased with advancing age while frequency of esophageal growth (p=0.001) and stricture (p<0.001) was significantly higher among patients with disease duration of 6 months or more.
Conclusion: Esophageal growth and esophageal stricture followed by gastro-esophageal reflux disease/reflux esophagitis were the commonest causes of dysphagia in our study. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy should be used in evaluation of dysphagia since its underlying disorder can be serious and may need timely diagnosis and expeditious treatment.

Key words: Dysphagia, endoscopy, stricture, malignancy, achalasia, gastro-esophageal reflux disease, esophageal web.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Zakir MF, Karim S, Kalwar HA, Kumar R, Hussain M, Majid S. Endoscopic evaluation of patients presenting with dysphagia at tertiary care hospital. RMJ. 2022; 47(2): 282-285.


Web Style

Zakir MF, Karim S, Kalwar HA, Kumar R, Hussain M, Majid S. Endoscopic evaluation of patients presenting with dysphagia at tertiary care hospital. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=107259 [Access: December 06, 2023].


AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Zakir MF, Karim S, Kalwar HA, Kumar R, Hussain M, Majid S. Endoscopic evaluation of patients presenting with dysphagia at tertiary care hospital. RMJ. 2022; 47(2): 282-285.



Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Zakir MF, Karim S, Kalwar HA, Kumar R, Hussain M, Majid S. Endoscopic evaluation of patients presenting with dysphagia at tertiary care hospital. RMJ. (2022), [cited December 06, 2023]; 47(2): 282-285.



Harvard Style

Zakir, M. F., Karim, . S., Kalwar, . H. A., Kumar, . R., Hussain, . M. & Majid, . S. (2022) Endoscopic evaluation of patients presenting with dysphagia at tertiary care hospital. RMJ, 47 (2), 282-285.



Turabian Style

Zakir, Muhammad Fahad, Shahid Karim, Hamid Ali Kalwar, Rajesh Kumar, Manzoor Hussain, and Shahid Majid. 2022. Endoscopic evaluation of patients presenting with dysphagia at tertiary care hospital. Rawal Medical Journal, 47 (2), 282-285.



Chicago Style

Zakir, Muhammad Fahad, Shahid Karim, Hamid Ali Kalwar, Rajesh Kumar, Manzoor Hussain, and Shahid Majid. "Endoscopic evaluation of patients presenting with dysphagia at tertiary care hospital." Rawal Medical Journal 47 (2022), 282-285.



MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Zakir, Muhammad Fahad, Shahid Karim, Hamid Ali Kalwar, Rajesh Kumar, Manzoor Hussain, and Shahid Majid. "Endoscopic evaluation of patients presenting with dysphagia at tertiary care hospital." Rawal Medical Journal 47.2 (2022), 282-285. Print.



APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Zakir, M. F., Karim, . S., Kalwar, . H. A., Kumar, . R., Hussain, . M. & Majid, . S. (2022) Endoscopic evaluation of patients presenting with dysphagia at tertiary care hospital. Rawal Medical Journal, 47 (2), 282-285.