Effect of Pre-Eclampsia with risk factors for birth weight and neonatal asphyxia: 
A retrospective study in pregnant women

Awatiful Azza; Esti Yunitasari; Cipto Susilo; Mira Triharini

doi:10.5457/rmj.2002

Abstract
Objective: To analyze the risk factors for preeclampsia with birth weight and the incidence of asphyxia.
Methodology: This study used a case-control (retrospective) design with data sources of medical records for 255 mothers who gave birth with a diagnosis of preeclampsia at a referral hospital in East Java, Indonesia the period 2019 to 2020. The indicator for assessing birth weight is seen if it is less than 2500 grams, it is said to be low birth weight, and if it is more than 2500-3000 normal body weight. Assessment of neonatal asphyxia uses the Apgar score if the score is 1-3 severe asphyxia, 4-6 moderate asphyxia, and 7-10 mild asphyxia. Research data analysis was carried out using SPSS 21.
Results: The findings of the study on the relationship between preeclampsia status and newborn body weight obtained a p-value of 0.00, (OR 84.00 95%, CI 27.91 - 253.574), preeclampsia with asphyxia p-value 0.00 (OR 52.00, 95% CI 19.7-137.24), gestational age with infant weight at birth p-value 0.00 (OR 16.142, 95% CI 4.89 - 53.27), the Birth weight of infants with asphyxia p-value 0.00 (OR 0.329, 95% CI 0.235-0.459), and gestational age with asphyxia p-value 0.00 (OR 1.697, 95% CI 1.50 - 1.91).
Conclusion: Newborns can suffer from nutritional deficiencies and asphyxia due to inadequate uterine-placental blood flow and impaired uteroplacental perfusion, vasospasm, and disruption of spiral arteries while in the womb.

Key words: Asphyxia, newborn infant, pre-eclampsia, pregnancy.

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