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2024, Vol: 49, Issue: 2
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Original Research 


Comparison of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques to improve functional outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia

Saira Zahid, Suman Sheraz, Somiya Asif, Ahsnat Iqbal, Kiran Haq, Aisha Razzaq.


Abstract
Objective: To compare the effects of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques on functional outcomes in patients with fibromyalgia.
Methodology: This randomized trial included 26 patients with fibromyalgia who were randomly allocated to the breathing exercise or muscle energy techniques group. Both groups received 8 weeks of treatment, 3 times per week. Data were collected at baseline, 5th week, and 8th week. Outcome measurements included pain rating, six minute walk test, cirtometry, sleep quality index, and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire scores.
Results: Breathing exercises were found to be more effective than muscle energy techniques in improving functional outcomes such as pain, sleep quality, cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity, and thoracoabdominal expansion.
Conclusion: Diaphragmatic breathing exercises improved respiratory muscle weakness and reduce respiratory effort, making them a promising treatment option for fibromyalgia patients.

Key words: Diaphragmatic breathing, fibromyalgia, muscle energy techniques, widespread pain.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Zahid S, Sheraz S, Asif S, Iqbal A, Haq K, Razzaq A. Comparison of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques to improve functional outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia. RMJ. 2024; 49(1): 16-19.

Web Style

Zahid S, Sheraz S, Asif S, Iqbal A, Haq K, Razzaq A. Comparison of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques to improve functional outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=146416 [Access: February 15, 2024].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Zahid S, Sheraz S, Asif S, Iqbal A, Haq K, Razzaq A. Comparison of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques to improve functional outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia. RMJ. 2024; 49(1): 16-19.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Zahid S, Sheraz S, Asif S, Iqbal A, Haq K, Razzaq A. Comparison of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques to improve functional outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia. RMJ. (2024), [cited February 15, 2024]; 49(1): 16-19.


Harvard Style

Zahid, S., Sheraz, . S., Asif, . S., Iqbal, . A., Haq, . K. & Razzaq, . A. (2024) Comparison of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques to improve functional outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia. RMJ, 49 (1), 16-19.


Turabian Style

Zahid, Saira, Suman Sheraz, Somiya Asif, Ahsnat Iqbal, Kiran Haq, and Aisha Razzaq. 2024. Comparison of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques to improve functional outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia. Rawal Medical Journal, 49 (1), 16-19.


Chicago Style

Zahid, Saira, Suman Sheraz, Somiya Asif, Ahsnat Iqbal, Kiran Haq, and Aisha Razzaq. "Comparison of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques to improve functional outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia." Rawal Medical Journal 49 (2024), 16-19.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Zahid, Saira, Suman Sheraz, Somiya Asif, Ahsnat Iqbal, Kiran Haq, and Aisha Razzaq. "Comparison of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques to improve functional outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia." Rawal Medical Journal 49.1 (2024), 16-19. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Zahid, S., Sheraz, . S., Asif, . S., Iqbal, . A., Haq, . K. & Razzaq, . A. (2024) Comparison of breathing exercises and muscle energy techniques to improve functional outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia. Rawal Medical Journal, 49 (1), 16-19.


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