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Original Research
Online Published: 15 Nov 2022
 
RMJ. 2022; 47(4): 956-959


Effects of MP3 use on hearing threshold in young adults

Fatima Rafique, Ghayas Khan, Hadia Sultan, Saira Zaman, Faiza Mushtaq, Atif Ikram.


Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of MP3 on hearing threshold in young adults and duration of the listening MP3 is compared with degree of hearing loss.
Methodology: This observational cross-sectional study utilized simple random sampling to recruit MP3 users with age range from 18 to 35 years. The study was conducted at the University of Lahore, FMH Institute of Allied health sciences & Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore from July 2020 to February 2021. Pure tone audiometry was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Chi Square test was applied.
Results: Out of 264 MP3 users, there were 178 (67%) females. Out of 264participants, 120(45%) had normal hearing and 144(55%) had hearing loss in right ear. In left ear, 136(51%) had normal hearing and 128(48%) had hearing loss. According to association test, there was a strong relationship between hearing loss and Mp3 usage.
Conclusion: The long-term use of MP3 can impair hearing function.

Key words: MP3 player, sound, hearing loss, young adults, pure tone audiometry.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Rafique F, Khan G, Sultan H, Zaman S, Mushtaq F, Ikram A. Effects of MP3 use on hearing threshold in young adults. RMJ. 2022; 47(4): 956-959.

Web Style

Rafique F, Khan G, Sultan H, Zaman S, Mushtaq F, Ikram A. Effects of MP3 use on hearing threshold in young adults. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=129847 [Access: June 22, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Rafique F, Khan G, Sultan H, Zaman S, Mushtaq F, Ikram A. Effects of MP3 use on hearing threshold in young adults. RMJ. 2022; 47(4): 956-959.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Rafique F, Khan G, Sultan H, Zaman S, Mushtaq F, Ikram A. Effects of MP3 use on hearing threshold in young adults. RMJ. (2022), [cited June 22, 2026]; 47(4): 956-959.


Harvard Style

Rafique, F., Khan, . G., Sultan, . H., Zaman, . S., Mushtaq, . F. & Ikram, . A. (2022) Effects of MP3 use on hearing threshold in young adults. RMJ, 47 (4), 956-959.


Turabian Style

Rafique, Fatima, Ghayas Khan, Hadia Sultan, Saira Zaman, Faiza Mushtaq, and Atif Ikram. 2022. Effects of MP3 use on hearing threshold in young adults. Rawal Medical Journal, 47 (4), 956-959.


Chicago Style

Rafique, Fatima, Ghayas Khan, Hadia Sultan, Saira Zaman, Faiza Mushtaq, and Atif Ikram. "Effects of MP3 use on hearing threshold in young adults." Rawal Medical Journal 47 (2022), 956-959.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Rafique, Fatima, Ghayas Khan, Hadia Sultan, Saira Zaman, Faiza Mushtaq, and Atif Ikram. "Effects of MP3 use on hearing threshold in young adults." Rawal Medical Journal 47.4 (2022), 956-959. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Rafique, F., Khan, . G., Sultan, . H., Zaman, . S., Mushtaq, . F. & Ikram, . A. (2022) Effects of MP3 use on hearing threshold in young adults. Rawal Medical Journal, 47 (4), 956-959.


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