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2024, Vol: 49, Issue: 3
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Review Article 
RMJ. 2024; 49(3): 673-677


Approaches and interventions for postoperative pain management: A comprehensive review

Mohamed Khalid Hussein Khalid.


Abstract
Objective: To explore pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques and interventions for managing postoperative pain.
Methodology: This narrative review synthesizes evidence from a range of studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of current practices and emerging trends in postoperative pain management.
Results: Pharmacological approaches include opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and adjuvant medications. The review examines the role of patient-controlled analgesia and regional anesthesia techniques such as epidural analgesia and peripheral nerve blocks. Non-pharmacological techniques, including acupuncture, relaxation techniques, and cognitive-behavioral interventions are highlighted for their potential benefits and limitations.
Conclusion: Effective postoperative pain management requires a multimodal approach, combining pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to optimize patient outcomes.

Key words: Postoperative pain, analgesics, patient-controlled analgesia, regional anesthesia, complementary therapies.


 
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Pubmed Style

Mohamed Khalid Hussein Khalid. Approaches and interventions for postoperative pain management: A comprehensive review. RMJ. 2024; 49(3): 673-677.

Web Style

Mohamed Khalid Hussein Khalid. Approaches and interventions for postoperative pain management: A comprehensive review. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=203183 [Access: September 12, 2024].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Mohamed Khalid Hussein Khalid. Approaches and interventions for postoperative pain management: A comprehensive review. RMJ. 2024; 49(3): 673-677.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Mohamed Khalid Hussein Khalid. Approaches and interventions for postoperative pain management: A comprehensive review. RMJ. (2024), [cited September 12, 2024]; 49(3): 673-677.


Harvard Style

Mohamed Khalid Hussein Khalid (2024) Approaches and interventions for postoperative pain management: A comprehensive review. RMJ, 49 (3), 673-677.


Turabian Style

Mohamed Khalid Hussein Khalid. 2024. Approaches and interventions for postoperative pain management: A comprehensive review. Rawal Medical Journal, 49 (3), 673-677.


Chicago Style

Mohamed Khalid Hussein Khalid. "Approaches and interventions for postoperative pain management: A comprehensive review." Rawal Medical Journal 49 (2024), 673-677.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Mohamed Khalid Hussein Khalid. "Approaches and interventions for postoperative pain management: A comprehensive review." Rawal Medical Journal 49.3 (2024), 673-677. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Mohamed Khalid Hussein Khalid (2024) Approaches and interventions for postoperative pain management: A comprehensive review. Rawal Medical Journal, 49 (3), 673-677.


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