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Original Research 
RMJ. 2017; 42(4): 475-478


Detection of Salmonella enterica serover Typhi from Widal-positive blood specimens by blood culture and PCR targeting aroC and fliC genes

Safiullah Khan Achakzai, Zafar Ahmed, Abdul Samad, Muhammad Naeem, Hamida, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Rizwan, Farah Sabeen Bugti, Sania Ashraf, Muhammad Tayyeb, Olena Pokryshko.


Abstract
Objective: The study aimed at investigating the validity of multiplex-PCR for S. typhi detection in blood specimens of Widal-positive typhoid patients and to compare the detection rate of PCR with blood culture.
Methodology: Blood specimens were collected from 105 clinically suspected and Widal- positive typhoid patients. For the bacterial culture, the specimens were inoculated into Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth. The growth was subcultured on Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate (XLD) and Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar. Obtained colonies were Gram-stained and subjected to biochemical tests. Multiplex-PCR was performed to amplify a 639-bp fragment of aroC gene specific for Salmonella and a 495-bp fragment of fliC gene for S. typhi.
Results: Of 105 Widal-positive typhoid patients, 73 (69.6%) were positive by PCR for the presence of S. typhi and 24 (22.8%) by blood culture. PCR could also amplify S. typhi DNA from 49 (46.7%) culture-negative patients. Widal test with false-positive result was observed in 32 (30.4%) suspected cases.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that PCR-based diagnosis of typhoid fever is distinctly useful in culture-negative cases and also false-positive cases as detected by Widal test.

Key words: Salmonella typhi, diagnosis, Widal test, blood culture, PCR


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Achakzai SK, Ahmed Z, Samad A, Naeem M, Hamida , Ali M, Rizwan M, Bugti FS, Ashraf S, Tayyeb M, Pokryshko O. Detection of Salmonella enterica serover Typhi from Widal-positive blood specimens by blood culture and PCR targeting aroC and fliC genes. RMJ. 2017; 42(4): 475-478.

Web Style

Achakzai SK, Ahmed Z, Samad A, Naeem M, Hamida , Ali M, Rizwan M, Bugti FS, Ashraf S, Tayyeb M, Pokryshko O. Detection of Salmonella enterica serover Typhi from Widal-positive blood specimens by blood culture and PCR targeting aroC and fliC genes. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=257900 [Access: June 27, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Achakzai SK, Ahmed Z, Samad A, Naeem M, Hamida , Ali M, Rizwan M, Bugti FS, Ashraf S, Tayyeb M, Pokryshko O. Detection of Salmonella enterica serover Typhi from Widal-positive blood specimens by blood culture and PCR targeting aroC and fliC genes. RMJ. 2017; 42(4): 475-478.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Achakzai SK, Ahmed Z, Samad A, Naeem M, Hamida , Ali M, Rizwan M, Bugti FS, Ashraf S, Tayyeb M, Pokryshko O. Detection of Salmonella enterica serover Typhi from Widal-positive blood specimens by blood culture and PCR targeting aroC and fliC genes. RMJ. (2017), [cited June 27, 2026]; 42(4): 475-478.


Harvard Style

Achakzai, S. K., Ahmed, . Z., Samad, . A., Naeem, . M., Hamida, ., Ali, . M., Rizwan, . M., Bugti, . F. S., Ashraf, . S., Tayyeb, . M. & Pokryshko, . O. (2017) Detection of Salmonella enterica serover Typhi from Widal-positive blood specimens by blood culture and PCR targeting aroC and fliC genes. RMJ, 42 (4), 475-478.


Turabian Style

Achakzai, Safiullah Khan, Zafar Ahmed, Abdul Samad, Muhammad Naeem, Hamida, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Rizwan, Farah Sabeen Bugti, Sania Ashraf, Muhammad Tayyeb, and Olena Pokryshko. 2017. Detection of Salmonella enterica serover Typhi from Widal-positive blood specimens by blood culture and PCR targeting aroC and fliC genes. Rawal Medical Journal, 42 (4), 475-478.


Chicago Style

Achakzai, Safiullah Khan, Zafar Ahmed, Abdul Samad, Muhammad Naeem, Hamida, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Rizwan, Farah Sabeen Bugti, Sania Ashraf, Muhammad Tayyeb, and Olena Pokryshko. "Detection of Salmonella enterica serover Typhi from Widal-positive blood specimens by blood culture and PCR targeting aroC and fliC genes." Rawal Medical Journal 42 (2017), 475-478.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Achakzai, Safiullah Khan, Zafar Ahmed, Abdul Samad, Muhammad Naeem, Hamida, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Rizwan, Farah Sabeen Bugti, Sania Ashraf, Muhammad Tayyeb, and Olena Pokryshko. "Detection of Salmonella enterica serover Typhi from Widal-positive blood specimens by blood culture and PCR targeting aroC and fliC genes." Rawal Medical Journal 42.4 (2017), 475-478. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Achakzai, S. K., Ahmed, . Z., Samad, . A., Naeem, . M., Hamida, ., Ali, . M., Rizwan, . M., Bugti, . F. S., Ashraf, . S., Tayyeb, . M. & Pokryshko, . O. (2017) Detection of Salmonella enterica serover Typhi from Widal-positive blood specimens by blood culture and PCR targeting aroC and fliC genes. Rawal Medical Journal, 42 (4), 475-478.


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