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2026, Vol: 51, Issue: 1
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Original Research 


Mutation profile of CLMN and MYLK gene alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Sana Mubarak, Younas Jamal, Noor Ulain Farid, Salman Habib, Maeesa Sajeel, Asghar Hussain.


Abstract
Objective: To use Sanger sequencing to identify mutations in the CLMN (calmin) and MYLK (myosin light chain kinase) genes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and determine their specifications.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Baqai Medical University and KIRAN Hospital, Karachi, from December 2023 to June 2024. Peripheral blood samples from 106 OSCC patients with histological confirmation were obtained. Sanger sequencing was used to evaluate target genes (CLMN and MYLK) and amplified using PCR. BLAT and MEGA software were used for bioinformatics analysis, and the findings were aligned with the hg38.
Results: Out of 106 people, 83.1% male and 16.9% female, had their 41 MYLK and 65 CLMN gene sequences examined. For both CLMN and MYLK, mutation frequencies were 24.6% and 24.3%, respectively, with synonymous and non-synonymous mutations found in frequently impacted locations within each gene.
Conclusion: About 24% of patients with OSCC had MYLK and CLMN mutations, which may indicate a function for these proteins in the pathophysiology of OSCC.

Key words: CLMN gene mutation, oral squamous cell carcinoma, OSCC, MYLK gene mutation, Sanger sequencing.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Mubarak S, Jamal Y, Farid NU, Habib S, Sajeel M, Hussain A. Mutation profile of CLMN and MYLK gene alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. RMJ. 2026; 51(1): 7-10.

Web Style

Mubarak S, Jamal Y, Farid NU, Habib S, Sajeel M, Hussain A. Mutation profile of CLMN and MYLK gene alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=260166 [Access: February 25, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Mubarak S, Jamal Y, Farid NU, Habib S, Sajeel M, Hussain A. Mutation profile of CLMN and MYLK gene alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. RMJ. 2026; 51(1): 7-10.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Mubarak S, Jamal Y, Farid NU, Habib S, Sajeel M, Hussain A. Mutation profile of CLMN and MYLK gene alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. RMJ. (2026), [cited February 25, 2026]; 51(1): 7-10.


Harvard Style

Mubarak, S., Jamal, . Y., Farid, . N. U., Habib, . S., Sajeel, . M. & Hussain, . A. (2026) Mutation profile of CLMN and MYLK gene alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. RMJ, 51 (1), 7-10.


Turabian Style

Mubarak, Sana, Younas Jamal, Noor Ulain Farid, Salman Habib, Maeesa Sajeel, and Asghar Hussain. 2026. Mutation profile of CLMN and MYLK gene alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (1), 7-10.


Chicago Style

Mubarak, Sana, Younas Jamal, Noor Ulain Farid, Salman Habib, Maeesa Sajeel, and Asghar Hussain. "Mutation profile of CLMN and MYLK gene alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma." Rawal Medical Journal 51 (2026), 7-10.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Mubarak, Sana, Younas Jamal, Noor Ulain Farid, Salman Habib, Maeesa Sajeel, and Asghar Hussain. "Mutation profile of CLMN and MYLK gene alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma." Rawal Medical Journal 51.1 (2026), 7-10. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Mubarak, S., Jamal, . Y., Farid, . N. U., Habib, . S., Sajeel, . M. & Hussain, . A. (2026) Mutation profile of CLMN and MYLK gene alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (1), 7-10.


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