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2025, Vol: 50, Issue: 4
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Original Research 


Effects of telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on interleukin 1 beta, collagen type 3, caspase 3 expression in the bladder of diabetes mellitus rat models

Veryne Ayu Permata, Wahjoe Djatisoesanto, Johan Renaldo, Anny Setijo Rahaju.


Abstract
Objective: To assess how Telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise impact the levels of IL-1β, type 3 collagen, and caspase-3 in the bladder tissues of rats with diabetes.
Methodology: This experimental study used diabetic rat models divided into five groups: control, DM without treatment, DM+Telmisartan, DM+moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, and DM+combination therapy. Expression of IL-1β, type 3 collagen, and caspase-3 was evaluated via immunohistochemical examination of bladder tissue. One-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and post hoc tests were used for analyzing the data.
Results: The study found notable variations in IL-1β levels within the lamina propria across different treatment groups (p=0.015), where animals receiving combined treatment demonstrated markedly reduced expression versus those with untreated diabetes (p=0.008). However, IL-1β levels in the detrusor muscle remained unchanged across groups (p=0.947).
Regarding Type 3 collagen, the lamina propria exhibited significant group differences (p=0.004), with combined therapy producing distinct results compared to untreated diabetic animals (p=0.012). Within the detrusor muscle, only the Telmisartan-treated diabetic group showed significant variation from controls (p=0.031).
For Caspase-3 expression, significant group differences emerged in the lamina propria (p=0.043), where moderate aerobic exercise alone produced results that differed significantly from controls (p=0.039). No meaningful differences appeared in detrusor muscle Caspase-3 levels (p=0.182).
Conclusion: Combining Telmisartan with moderate aerobic exercise effectively decreased both inflammatory markers and fibrotic changes specifically within the lamina propria of diabetic rat bladders, while the detrusor muscle layer showed minimal treatment response.

Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, telmisartan, aerobic exercise, interleukin-1β, Type III collagen, caspase-3.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Permata VA, Djatisoesanto W, Renaldo J, Rahaju AS. Effects of telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on interleukin 1 beta, collagen type 3, caspase 3 expression in the bladder of diabetes mellitus rat models. RMJ. 2025; 50(4): 1056-1059. doi:10.5455/rmj.20250702090217

Web Style

Permata VA, Djatisoesanto W, Renaldo J, Rahaju AS. Effects of telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on interleukin 1 beta, collagen type 3, caspase 3 expression in the bladder of diabetes mellitus rat models. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=268359 [Access: October 30, 2025]. doi:10.5455/rmj.20250702090217

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Permata VA, Djatisoesanto W, Renaldo J, Rahaju AS. Effects of telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on interleukin 1 beta, collagen type 3, caspase 3 expression in the bladder of diabetes mellitus rat models. RMJ. 2025; 50(4): 1056-1059. doi:10.5455/rmj.20250702090217


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Permata VA, Djatisoesanto W, Renaldo J, Rahaju AS. Effects of telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on interleukin 1 beta, collagen type 3, caspase 3 expression in the bladder of diabetes mellitus rat models. RMJ. (2025), [cited October 30, 2025]; 50(4): 1056-1059. doi:10.5455/rmj.20250702090217


Harvard Style

Permata, V. A., Djatisoesanto, . W., Renaldo, . J. & Rahaju, . A. S. (2025) Effects of telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on interleukin 1 beta, collagen type 3, caspase 3 expression in the bladder of diabetes mellitus rat models. RMJ, 50 (4), 1056-1059. doi:10.5455/rmj.20250702090217


Turabian Style

Permata, Veryne Ayu, Wahjoe Djatisoesanto, Johan Renaldo, and Anny Setijo Rahaju. 2025. Effects of telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on interleukin 1 beta, collagen type 3, caspase 3 expression in the bladder of diabetes mellitus rat models. Rawal Medical Journal, 50 (4), 1056-1059. doi:10.5455/rmj.20250702090217


Chicago Style

Permata, Veryne Ayu, Wahjoe Djatisoesanto, Johan Renaldo, and Anny Setijo Rahaju. "Effects of telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on interleukin 1 beta, collagen type 3, caspase 3 expression in the bladder of diabetes mellitus rat models." Rawal Medical Journal 50 (2025), 1056-1059. doi:10.5455/rmj.20250702090217


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Permata, Veryne Ayu, Wahjoe Djatisoesanto, Johan Renaldo, and Anny Setijo Rahaju. "Effects of telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on interleukin 1 beta, collagen type 3, caspase 3 expression in the bladder of diabetes mellitus rat models." Rawal Medical Journal 50.4 (2025), 1056-1059. Print. doi:10.5455/rmj.20250702090217


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Permata, V. A., Djatisoesanto, . W., Renaldo, . J. & Rahaju, . A. S. (2025) Effects of telmisartan and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on interleukin 1 beta, collagen type 3, caspase 3 expression in the bladder of diabetes mellitus rat models. Rawal Medical Journal, 50 (4), 1056-1059. doi:10.5455/rmj.20250702090217


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