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2026, Vol: 51, Issue: 2
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Original Research 


Association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients: A cross-sectional study

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape.


Abstract
Objective: To examine the association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study of 125 adult cardiology outpatients in Khartoum, Sudan, used a structured lifestyle questionnaire and clinical measures (blood pressure, BMI, lipids). Behaviors were categorized by standardized scores. Data were analyzed using chi-square and Pearson correlation tests (p<0.05).
Results: Physically active participants had significantly lower systolic blood pressure (124.6±11.3 mmHg) than inactive participants (138.2±14.1 mmHg, p=0.001). Healthy dietary patterns were associated with lower BMI (26.1±3.4 kg/m² vs. 29.7±4.2 kg/m², p=0.003). Smokers had higher total cholesterol (212.4±28.6 mg/dL) than non-smokers (187.9±24.1 mg/dL, p=0.002). Overall lifestyle score negatively correlated with cardiac risk (r = –0.42, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Lifestyle behaviors significantly affect cardiac health; promoting exercise, a healthy diet, smoking cessation, and routine assessment reduces cardiovascular risk.

Key words: Lifestyle, Behaviors, Cardiac health indicators, Adults, Cardiovascular risk


 
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Pubmed Style

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape. Association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients: A cross-sectional study. RMJ. 2026; 51(2): 543-546. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260220065925

Web Style

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape. Association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients: A cross-sectional study. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=311229 [Access: May 27, 2026]. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260220065925

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape. Association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients: A cross-sectional study. RMJ. 2026; 51(2): 543-546. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260220065925


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape. Association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients: A cross-sectional study. RMJ. (2026), [cited May 27, 2026]; 51(2): 543-546. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260220065925


Harvard Style

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape (2026) Association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients: A cross-sectional study. RMJ, 51 (2), 543-546. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260220065925


Turabian Style

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape. 2026. Association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients: A cross-sectional study. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (2), 543-546. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260220065925


Chicago Style

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape. "Association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients: A cross-sectional study." Rawal Medical Journal 51 (2026), 543-546. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260220065925


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape. "Association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients: A cross-sectional study." Rawal Medical Journal 51.2 (2026), 543-546. Print. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260220065925


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Ahmed Abdalla Jarelnape (2026) Association between lifestyle behaviors and cardiac health indicators among adult patients: A cross-sectional study. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (2), 543-546. doi:10.5455/rmj.20260220065925


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