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Original Research 
RMJ. 2021; 46(2): 338-341


Prevalence and risk factors of lateral epicondylitis among restaurant cooks at district Gujranwala: A cross-sectional study

Muniba Afzal, Shumana Zakaullah, Sajjan Iqbal Memon, Amna Nisar, Habiba Touqeer, Hira Shabir.


Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of epicondylitis among restaurant cooks in Gujranwala, Pakistan.
Methodology: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we included 60 male professional cooks aged 20-65 with convenient sampling from 10 different renowned restaurants in the District Gujranwala, Pakistan from March to August 2019. We used a self-administrated, patient-rated tennis elbow evaluation (PRTEE) questionnaire to estimate risk factors and work activities of the chefs. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results: The age distribution was between 20-35 years. About 78.3% of cooks work for more than 8 hours/ day. Cozen’s test was positive among 40% who were predominantly suffering from tennis elbow. The prevalence was 66.7%, We found that 63.3% cooks were non-smokers and 20% had diabetes and 23.3% hypertension.
Conclusion: The frequency of repetitive workload is prevalent in the chefs. Long working hours were important physical factors that should be taken into account when developing preventive strategies.

Key words: Cozen’s test, epicondylitis, restaurant-cooks.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Afzal M, Zakaullah S, Memon SI, Nisar A, Touqeer H, Shabir H. Prevalence and risk factors of lateral epicondylitis among restaurant cooks at district Gujranwala: A cross-sectional study. RMJ. 2021; 46(2): 338-341.

Web Style

Afzal M, Zakaullah S, Memon SI, Nisar A, Touqeer H, Shabir H. Prevalence and risk factors of lateral epicondylitis among restaurant cooks at district Gujranwala: A cross-sectional study. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=40668 [Access: October 30, 2025].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Afzal M, Zakaullah S, Memon SI, Nisar A, Touqeer H, Shabir H. Prevalence and risk factors of lateral epicondylitis among restaurant cooks at district Gujranwala: A cross-sectional study. RMJ. 2021; 46(2): 338-341.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Afzal M, Zakaullah S, Memon SI, Nisar A, Touqeer H, Shabir H. Prevalence and risk factors of lateral epicondylitis among restaurant cooks at district Gujranwala: A cross-sectional study. RMJ. (2021), [cited October 30, 2025]; 46(2): 338-341.


Harvard Style

Afzal, M., Zakaullah, . S., Memon, . S. I., Nisar, . A., Touqeer, . H. & Shabir, . H. (2021) Prevalence and risk factors of lateral epicondylitis among restaurant cooks at district Gujranwala: A cross-sectional study. RMJ, 46 (2), 338-341.


Turabian Style

Afzal, Muniba, Shumana Zakaullah, Sajjan Iqbal Memon, Amna Nisar, Habiba Touqeer, and Hira Shabir. 2021. Prevalence and risk factors of lateral epicondylitis among restaurant cooks at district Gujranwala: A cross-sectional study. Rawal Medical Journal, 46 (2), 338-341.


Chicago Style

Afzal, Muniba, Shumana Zakaullah, Sajjan Iqbal Memon, Amna Nisar, Habiba Touqeer, and Hira Shabir. "Prevalence and risk factors of lateral epicondylitis among restaurant cooks at district Gujranwala: A cross-sectional study." Rawal Medical Journal 46 (2021), 338-341.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Afzal, Muniba, Shumana Zakaullah, Sajjan Iqbal Memon, Amna Nisar, Habiba Touqeer, and Hira Shabir. "Prevalence and risk factors of lateral epicondylitis among restaurant cooks at district Gujranwala: A cross-sectional study." Rawal Medical Journal 46.2 (2021), 338-341. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Afzal, M., Zakaullah, . S., Memon, . S. I., Nisar, . A., Touqeer, . H. & Shabir, . H. (2021) Prevalence and risk factors of lateral epicondylitis among restaurant cooks at district Gujranwala: A cross-sectional study. Rawal Medical Journal, 46 (2), 338-341.


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