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2026, Vol: 51, Issue: 3
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Original Research 
RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 768-770


Association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with induced labor than spontaneous labor

Sadia Tabassum, Huma Afridi, Beenish Riaz, Angbeen Ahmad, Saman Ahmad, Itaat Ullah Khan Afridi.


Abstract
Objective: To determine the association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with labor, induced compared with labor, spontaneous.
Methodology: This Cohort study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Imran Idrees Teaching Hospital, Sialkot Medical College, Sialkot, from June 1, 2024, to November 30, 2024. One hundred and fifty pregnant females were enrolled and were divided into two groups i.e., exposed with induced labor and unexposed, with spontaneous labor. In the induction group, females were induced by using 3mg of intravaginal Dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2), (maximum two doses six hours apart). Their mode of delivery was noted, and they were followed for 24 hours. If excessive bleeding occurred, then postpartum hemorrhage was labeled.
Results: In the exposed Group, 16(21.3%) patients had postpartum hemorrhage. In the unexposed group, 4(5.3%) patients had postpartum hemorrhage (p=0.003 and RR 4.000).
Conclusion: Primary postpartum hemorrhage was significantly higher in females who were subjected to induced labor as compared to spontaneous labor.

Key words: Postpartum hemorrhage, labor, induced, obstetric, dinoprostone.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Tabassum S, Afridi H, Riaz B, Ahmad A, Ahmad S, Afridi IUK. Association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with induced labor than spontaneous labor. RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 768-770.

Web Style

Tabassum S, Afridi H, Riaz B, Ahmad A, Ahmad S, Afridi IUK. Association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with induced labor than spontaneous labor. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=245429 [Access: August 19, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Tabassum S, Afridi H, Riaz B, Ahmad A, Ahmad S, Afridi IUK. Association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with induced labor than spontaneous labor. RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 768-770.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Tabassum S, Afridi H, Riaz B, Ahmad A, Ahmad S, Afridi IUK. Association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with induced labor than spontaneous labor. RMJ. (2026), [cited August 19, 2026]; 51(3): 768-770.


Harvard Style

Tabassum, S., Afridi, . H., Riaz, . B., Ahmad, . A., Ahmad, . S. & Afridi, . I. U. K. (2026) Association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with induced labor than spontaneous labor. RMJ, 51 (3), 768-770.


Turabian Style

Tabassum, Sadia, Huma Afridi, Beenish Riaz, Angbeen Ahmad, Saman Ahmad, and Itaat Ullah Khan Afridi. 2026. Association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with induced labor than spontaneous labor. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (3), 768-770.


Chicago Style

Tabassum, Sadia, Huma Afridi, Beenish Riaz, Angbeen Ahmad, Saman Ahmad, and Itaat Ullah Khan Afridi. "Association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with induced labor than spontaneous labor." Rawal Medical Journal 51 (2026), 768-770.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Tabassum, Sadia, Huma Afridi, Beenish Riaz, Angbeen Ahmad, Saman Ahmad, and Itaat Ullah Khan Afridi. "Association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with induced labor than spontaneous labor." Rawal Medical Journal 51.3 (2026), 768-770. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Tabassum, S., Afridi, . H., Riaz, . B., Ahmad, . A., Ahmad, . S. & Afridi, . I. U. K. (2026) Association of primary postpartum hemorrhage with induced labor than spontaneous labor. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (3), 768-770.


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