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Original Research 
RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 771-774


Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence and assessment of its awareness among females

Zahida Kalsoom, Maria Ashfaq, Shazia Noor, Sanum Asif, Usama Maooz, Muhammad Kashif Rafiq.


Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and awareness of its prevention among females.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Balqees Hospital, Kasur, from January 2024 to June 2024. A total of 230 females from a private college were included in the study. The simple random sampling technique was used for sample selection. The data was entered on a self-designed questionnaire including demographic data, physical, psychological, and behavioral changes, knowledge regarding the prevalence of PMS, and its prevention. Data analysis was done using SPSS 22.
Results: PMS was reported in 172(74.78%) cases. Physical changes were found in 200 (86.95%) cases and breast tenderness in 171(74.34%) cases. Psychological changes were found in 154(66.95%), and depression was reported in 66(28.69%) cases. Behavioral changes were found in 78(33.91%) students, and academic performance was affected in 162(70.43%). Sixty-five (28.26%) cases were aware of the prevention of PMS, while 165 (71.73%) were not aware of such knowledge. A significant association was found between the presence of PMS and knowledge of its prevention (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Significantly high prevalence of PMS was found, and very low knowledge of its prevention was present among study cases. Its effect on academic activities was evident in the majority of cases.

Key words: Behavioral changes, premenstrual syndrome, physical changes, psychological changes.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Kalsoom Z, Ashfaq M, Noor S, Asif S, Maooz U, Rafiq MK. Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence and assessment of its awareness among females. RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 771-774.

Web Style

Kalsoom Z, Ashfaq M, Noor S, Asif S, Maooz U, Rafiq MK. Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence and assessment of its awareness among females. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=268198 [Access: August 19, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Kalsoom Z, Ashfaq M, Noor S, Asif S, Maooz U, Rafiq MK. Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence and assessment of its awareness among females. RMJ. 2026; 51(3): 771-774.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Kalsoom Z, Ashfaq M, Noor S, Asif S, Maooz U, Rafiq MK. Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence and assessment of its awareness among females. RMJ. (2026), [cited August 19, 2026]; 51(3): 771-774.


Harvard Style

Kalsoom, Z., Ashfaq, . M., Noor, . S., Asif, . S., Maooz, . U. & Rafiq, . M. K. (2026) Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence and assessment of its awareness among females. RMJ, 51 (3), 771-774.


Turabian Style

Kalsoom, Zahida, Maria Ashfaq, Shazia Noor, Sanum Asif, Usama Maooz, and Muhammad Kashif Rafiq. 2026. Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence and assessment of its awareness among females. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (3), 771-774.


Chicago Style

Kalsoom, Zahida, Maria Ashfaq, Shazia Noor, Sanum Asif, Usama Maooz, and Muhammad Kashif Rafiq. "Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence and assessment of its awareness among females." Rawal Medical Journal 51 (2026), 771-774.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Kalsoom, Zahida, Maria Ashfaq, Shazia Noor, Sanum Asif, Usama Maooz, and Muhammad Kashif Rafiq. "Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence and assessment of its awareness among females." Rawal Medical Journal 51.3 (2026), 771-774. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Kalsoom, Z., Ashfaq, . M., Noor, . S., Asif, . S., Maooz, . U. & Rafiq, . M. K. (2026) Premenstrual Syndrome: Prevalence and assessment of its awareness among females. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (3), 771-774.


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