Foundation year (House-Job) training curriculum in Pakistan: Critical analysis and improvement recommendations

Qudsia Nawaz; Samina Rehan; Sadia Ghaffar; Zubaida Shaheen; Sadia Shafiq; Junaid Sarfaraz Khan

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Original Research

RMJ. 2025; 50(3): 756-758

Foundation year (House-Job) training curriculum in Pakistan: Critical analysis and improvement recommendations

Qudsia Nawaz, Samina Rehan, Sadia Ghaffar, Zubaida Shaheen, Sadia Shafiq, Junaid Sarfaraz Khan.

Abstract
Objective: To critically analyze Pakistan's foundation year (House-Job) training curriculum, assessing its effectiveness in preparing medical graduates.
Methodology: This comparative review was conducted, examining the curriculum against competency-based education principles, assessment methods, self-directed learning integration, and technology utilization. Key documents from PMDC, WFME, and AAMC were analyzed to highlight deficiencies and propose evidence-based reforms.
Results: The curriculum has clear learning outcomes and a strong emphasis on practical skills, fostering professional development. However, 12 key shortcomings were identified, including overcrowded objectives, vague assessment strategies, insufficient learning opportunities, lack of content mapping, weak emphasis on self-directed learning, and minimal integration of technology.
Conclusion: Enhancing assessment strategies, structured learning opportunities, interdisciplinary collaboration, and technology integration can transform the Pakistan house-job training curriculum into a competency-driven model aligned with global standards. Addressing these deficiencies will ensure medical graduates develop adaptability, clinical competency, and ethical understanding, preparing them for evolving healthcare demands.

Key words: Curriculum, foundation year training, house job, medical education, physician competence.

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Pubmed Style

Nawaz Q, Rehan S, Ghaffar S, Shaheen Z, Shafiq S, Khan JS. Foundation year (House-Job) training curriculum in Pakistan: Critical analysis and improvement recommendations. RMJ. 2025; 50(3): 756-758.

Web Style

Nawaz Q, Rehan S, Ghaffar S, Shaheen Z, Shafiq S, Khan JS. Foundation year (House-Job) training curriculum in Pakistan: Critical analysis and improvement recommendations. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=205411 [Access: October 29, 2025].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Nawaz Q, Rehan S, Ghaffar S, Shaheen Z, Shafiq S, Khan JS. Foundation year (House-Job) training curriculum in Pakistan: Critical analysis and improvement recommendations. RMJ. 2025; 50(3): 756-758.

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Nawaz Q, Rehan S, Ghaffar S, Shaheen Z, Shafiq S, Khan JS. Foundation year (House-Job) training curriculum in Pakistan: Critical analysis and improvement recommendations. RMJ. (2025), [cited October 29, 2025]; 50(3): 756-758.

Harvard Style

Nawaz, Q., Rehan, . S., Ghaffar, . S., Shaheen, . Z., Shafiq, . S. & Khan, . J. S. (2025) Foundation year (House-Job) training curriculum in Pakistan: Critical analysis and improvement recommendations. RMJ, 50 (3), 756-758.

Turabian Style

Nawaz, Qudsia, Samina Rehan, Sadia Ghaffar, Zubaida Shaheen, Sadia Shafiq, and Junaid Sarfaraz Khan. 2025. Foundation year (House-Job) training curriculum in Pakistan: Critical analysis and improvement recommendations. Rawal Medical Journal, 50 (3), 756-758.

Chicago Style

Nawaz, Qudsia, Samina Rehan, Sadia Ghaffar, Zubaida Shaheen, Sadia Shafiq, and Junaid Sarfaraz Khan. "Foundation year (House-Job) training curriculum in Pakistan: Critical analysis and improvement recommendations." Rawal Medical Journal 50 (2025), 756-758.

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