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2026, Vol: 51, Issue: 2
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Original Research 
RMJ. 2026; 51(2): 396-399


Impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow

Muhammad Najumusaqib, Shabir Ali, Zareen Ullah, Aimal Khan, Tahir Rashid, Ali Raza, Muhammad Arsalan Sharif.


Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow, comparing them with arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and arteriovenous grafts (AVG).
Methodology: This cross-sectional study included 120 ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis at the Renal Care Center between January and June 2024. Data collected included dialysis efficiency measured by Kt/V, blood flow rates, and access-related complications such as infections and thrombosis.5 Statistical analyses included one-way ANOVA for group comparisons, chi-square tests for categorical variables, and multivariate regression to identify factors influencing dialysis efficiency and blood flow.
Results: Patients using tunnel catheters demonstrated significantly lower Kt/V values (1.2±0.3) compared to those with AVF (1.8±0.4) and AVG (1.6±0.35) (p<0.001). Blood flow rates were also reduced in the tunnel catheter group (250±50 mL/min) versus AVF (450±60 mL/min) and AVG (400±55 mL/min) (p<0.001). Tunnel catheter users experienced higher rates of infections (30%) and thrombosis (20%) compared to the AVF (infection: 10%, thrombosis: 5%) and AVG (infection: 15%, thrombosis: 10%) groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Tunnel catheters are associated with reduced hemodialysis efficiency and lower blood flow rates compared to AVF and AVG.

Key words: Hemodialysis, tunnel catheters, vascular access, blood flow, dialysis efficiency, ESRD.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Najumusaqib M, Ali S, Ullah Z, Khan A, Rashid T, Raza A, Sharif MA. Impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow. RMJ. 2026; 51(2): 396-399.

Web Style

Najumusaqib M, Ali S, Ullah Z, Khan A, Rashid T, Raza A, Sharif MA. Impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=235367 [Access: May 27, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Najumusaqib M, Ali S, Ullah Z, Khan A, Rashid T, Raza A, Sharif MA. Impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow. RMJ. 2026; 51(2): 396-399.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Najumusaqib M, Ali S, Ullah Z, Khan A, Rashid T, Raza A, Sharif MA. Impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow. RMJ. (2026), [cited May 27, 2026]; 51(2): 396-399.


Harvard Style

Najumusaqib, M., Ali, . S., Ullah, . Z., Khan, . A., Rashid, . T., Raza, . A. & Sharif, . M. A. (2026) Impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow. RMJ, 51 (2), 396-399.


Turabian Style

Najumusaqib, Muhammad, Shabir Ali, Zareen Ullah, Aimal Khan, Tahir Rashid, Ali Raza, and Muhammad Arsalan Sharif. 2026. Impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (2), 396-399.


Chicago Style

Najumusaqib, Muhammad, Shabir Ali, Zareen Ullah, Aimal Khan, Tahir Rashid, Ali Raza, and Muhammad Arsalan Sharif. "Impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow." Rawal Medical Journal 51 (2026), 396-399.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Najumusaqib, Muhammad, Shabir Ali, Zareen Ullah, Aimal Khan, Tahir Rashid, Ali Raza, and Muhammad Arsalan Sharif. "Impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow." Rawal Medical Journal 51.2 (2026), 396-399. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Najumusaqib, M., Ali, . S., Ullah, . Z., Khan, . A., Rashid, . T., Raza, . A. & Sharif, . M. A. (2026) Impact of tunnel catheters on hemodialysis efficiency and blood flow. Rawal Medical Journal, 51 (2), 396-399.


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